Science & Tech > Biology > Enzymes

Now updated for CSW19. New words, if any, and new inflections of existing words, are shown in red.

acrosomal relating to an acrosome, a structure containing enzymes found at the tip of the spine.
acrosome a structure containing enzymes found at the tip of the spine.
adenylate an enzyme with key regulatory roles in cells, aka adenyl cyclase.
aldolase an enzyme.
allosteric of an enzyme, influenced by a combination with another substance.
allosterically (Adv.) ALLOSTERIC, influenced by a combination with another substance.
allostery of an enzyme, the property of being allosteric.
amidase an enzyme.
aminopeptidase an enzyme.
amylase any of the enzymes that play a part in the hydrolysis of starch and other substances.
amylopsin an enzyme in pancreatic juice.
anhydrase an enzyme that catalyses the removal of water.
apyrase any of several enzymes that hydrolyze ATP with the liberation of phosphate and energy.
arginase a manganese-containing enzyme, forming part of the urea cycle.
aromatase an enzyme involved in the production of oestrogen.
asparaginase an enzyme that causes asparagine to hydrolyse to aspartic acid and ammonia.
autolysate a product of autolysis.
autolyse to break down tissue by the action of its own enzymes.
autolysin any agent that produces autolysis.
autolysis the breaking down of tissue by the action of its own enzymes.
autolytic relating to autolysis, the breaking down of tissue by the action of its own enzymes.
autolyzate a product of autolysis.
autolyze to break down tissue by the action of its own enzymes.
biocatalyst a substance, eg an enzyme, that produces or speeds up a biochemical reaction.
biocatalytic of or like a biocatalyst.
bromelain an enzyme obtained from the juice of the pineapple plant, used medically and in skincare products.
bromelin an enzyme obtained from the juice of the pineapple plant, used medically and in skincare products.
calpain a protein belonging to the cysteine protease group.
carbohydrase any of a group of enzymes (as amylase) that promote hydrolysis or synthesis of a carbohydrate (as a disaccharide).
carboxylase an enzyme that catalyzes decarboxylation or carboxylation.
casease an enzyme decomposing the casein in milk and cheese.
caspase any of a group of enzymes that control apoptosis.
catalase an enzyme that reduces hydrogen peroxide.
catalatic of or like catalase, an enzyme that reduces hydrogen peroxide.
cellulase an enzyme that can split cellulose into glucose, present in organisms in the guts of animals and in the leaf stalks of higher plants.
cholinesterase an enzyme which breaks down a choline ester into choline and an acid, esp acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid.
coagulase any of several enzymes that cause coagulation, as of the blood.
cocarboxylase a coenzyme that is a pyrophosphate of thiamine and is important in metabolic reactions.
coenzymatic relating to a coenzyme.
coenzymatically (Adv.) COENZYMATIC, relating to a coenzyme.
coenzyme a non-protein organic molecule that bonds with a specific enzyme.
collagenase any of a group of proteolytic enzymes that decompose collagen and gelatin.
cyclase an enzyme.
cytase an enzyme that breaks down cellulose.
deaminase an enzyme that hydrolyzes amino compounds.
derepress to activate (a gene or enzyme) by releasing it from a blocked state.
dextranase a hydrolase that prevents tooth decay.
diaphorase a flavoprotein enzyme.
dipeptidase any of various enzymes that hydrolyze dipeptides but not polypeptides.
disaccharidase an enzyme (as maltase or lactase) that hydrolyzes disaccharides.
dynein an enzyme involved in cell movement.
ectoenzyme an exoenzyme, an enzyme that functions outside the cell producing it.
elastase an enzyme found in the pancreatic juice that decomposes elastin.
endoenzyme an enzyme that functions inside the cell.
endonuclease an enzyme that cuts a polynucleotide chain internally.
endopeptidase any of a group of enzymes that hydrolyze peptide bonds within the long chains of protein molecules.
enolase a muscle enzyme.
enterokinase an enzyme esp of the duodenal mucosa that activates trypsinogen by converting it to trypsin.
enzymatic of or like an enzyme.
enzymatically (Adv.) ENZYMATIC, of or like an enzyme.
enzyme a biological catalyst.
enzymic of or like an enzyme.
enzymically (Adv.) ENZYMIC, of or like an enzyme.
enzymology the study of enzymes.
enzymolysis a biochemical decomposition, such as a fermentation, that is catalysed by an enzyme.
enzymolytic relating to enzymolysis.
erepsin a peptidase in the small intestine.
esterase any of a number of enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis of an ester.
exoenzyme an enzyme that functions outside the cell producing it.
exonuclease an enzyme that breaks down a nucleic acid by removing nucleotides one by one from the end of a chain.
exopeptidase any of a group of enzymes that hydrolyze peptide bonds.
fibrinolysin any of several proteolytic enzymes that promote the dissolution of blood clots.
ficain a cysteine proteinase isolated from the latex of figs.
ficin a cysteine proteinase isolated from the latex of figs.
fumarase an enzyme that catalyses the interconversion of fumaric or malic acid and their salts.
galactosidase an enzyme (as lactase) that hydrolyzes a galactoside.
glucosidase an enzyme, such as maltase, that hydrolyzes a glucoside.
glucuronidase an enzyme that hydrolyzes a glucuronide.
glutaminase an enzyme that hydrolyzes glutamine to glutamic acid and ammonia.
glycosidase an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a bond joining a sugar of a glycoside to an alcohol or another sugar unit.
guanase an enzyme.
gyrase an enzyme that catalyses the breaking and joining of adjacent nucleotides in DNA.
helicase any of a group of enzymes that are able to separate the strands of the double-helix of a DNA molecule.
hexokinase an enzyme.
histaminase a digestive enzyme that converts histadine to histamine.
holoenzyme an enzyme which has a protein and non-protein ingredient.
hydrase an enzyme.
hydrogenase an enzyme that catalyzes hydrogen formation in certain microorganisms.
hydrolase a hydrolytic enzyme.
hydroxylase any of a group of enzymes that catalyze oxidation reactions.
insulinase an enzyme, present in the liver and kidneys, which breaks down insulin.
inulase an enzyme that forms fructose from insulin.
invertase an enzyme that inverts cane sugar.
isoenzymatic of or like an isoenzyme, one of several variants of the same enzyme occurring within a single species.
isoenzyme one of several variants of the same enzyme occurring within a single species.
isoenzymic of or like an isoenzyme, one of several variants of the same enzyme occurring within a single species.
isomerase an enzyme which speeds up the conversion of one isomeric compound to another isomeric form.
isozyme one of several variants of the same enzyme occurring within a single species.
isozymic of or like an isozyme, one of several variants of the same enzyme occurring within a single species.
kinase a kind of enzyme.
lactase an enzyme that acts on lactose.
lecithinase an enzyme which catalyses the hydrolysis of lecithin.
ligase an enzyme which seals nicks in one strand of a duplex DNA.
lipase an enzyme that breaks up fats.
luciferase an oxidising enzyme in the luminous organs of certain animals that acts on luciferin to produce bioluminescence.
lyase an enzyme.
lysozyme an antibacterial enzyme present in some plants, and in saliva.
maltase an enzyme that produces grape-sugar from maltose.
methylase an enzyme that catalyzes methylation.
mitochondrial of or like a mitochondrion.
mitochondrion a cell structure containing enzymes that provide the cell with energy.
mutase any of various enzymes that catalyze molecular rearrangements.
neuraminidase an enzyme found on the surface of several viruses.
nitrogenase an enzyme complex that catalyses nitrogen in the nitrogen fixation process.
nuclease any of a number of enzymes producing hydrolysis in nucleic acids.
oxidase a group of enzymes that promote oxidation in plant and animal cells.
oxidasic of or like an oxidase, a group of enzymes that promote oxidation in plant and animal cells.
oxygenase an enzyme.
papain an enzyme that digests proteins, found in papaws.
pectase an enzyme.
pectinesterase an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of pectins into pectic acids and methanol.
penicillinase an enzyme, produced by certain bacteria, that inactivates the effect of some penicillins.
pepsin any of group of digestive enzymes in the gastric juice of invertebrates.
pepsine any of group of digestive enzymes in the gastric juice of invertebrates.
peptidase an enzyme which breaks down peptides.
permease an enzyme which assists the passage of a substrate into a cell through the cell membrane.
peroxidase an enzyme found in many plants which acts as a catalyst in the oxidation of various substances by peroxides.
phosphatase an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of phosphate esters.
phosphokinase a kind of enzyme, aka kinase.
phospholipase any of several enzymes that hydrolyze lecithins or phosphatidylethanolamines.
phosphorylase any of the enzymes that catalyze phosphorolysis with the formation of organic phosphates.
phytochrome a plant pigment which absorbs red or infrared rays and acts as an enzyme controlling growth.
polymerase an enzyme present in cell nuclei which promotes the polymerization of DNA.
proenzyme an enzyme in an inactive form which can be activated, often by another enzyme.
protease any enzyme that splits up proteins.
proteinase any enzyme that splits up proteins.
ptyalin (Greek) a ferment in saliva that turns starch into sugar.
pyridoxamine a crystalline amine of the vitamin B6 group.
reductase an enzyme which brings about the reduction of organic compounds.
renin a protein enzyme secreted by the kidneys.
rennase an enzyme found in gastric juice, which causes coagulation of milk.
rennin an enzyme found in gastric juice, which causes coagulation of milk.
ribonuclease an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of RNA.
ribozymal of or like a ribozyme, an RNA-derived molecule displaying enzyme-like activity.
ribozyme an RNA-derived molecule displaying enzyme-like activity.
saccharase an enzyme that inverts cane sugar, aka invertase.
sirtuin any of a group of enzymes which regulate cell metabolism and aging.
steapsin an enzyme present in pancreatic juice, aka lipase.
sucrase an enzyme that inverts cane sugar, aka invertase.
sulfatase any of various esterases that accelerate the hydrolysis of sulfuric esters.
sulphatase any of various esterases that accelerate the hydrolysis of sulfuric esters.
synthase an enzyme that catalyses a particular synthesis.
synthetase a kind of enzyme.
telomerase an enzyme, found in some cancer cells, that negates the actions of telomeres and enables rapid cell division.
thiaminase an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of thiamine.
thrombin an enzyme that causes the blood to clot.
thrombokinase an enzyme active in the clotting of blood, aka thromboplastin.
thromboplastin a complex enzyme found esp in platelets that functions in the conversion of prothrombin into thrombin in the clotting of blood.
topoisomerase any of a class of enzymes that reduce supercoiling in DNA by breaking and rejoining one or both strands of the DNA molecule.
transaminase an enzyme promoting transamination.
transcriptase the enzyme that brings about transcription.
transferase an enzyme that promotes transfer of a group from one molecule to another.
trypsin an enzyme secreted by the pancreas.
tryptic relating to trypsin, an enzyme secreted by the pancreas.
tyrosinase an enzyme found in plants and animals.
urase an enzyme.
urease an enzyme produced by certain bacteria and plants, which breaks down urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia.
uricase an enzyme occurring in the liver and kidneys.
zymase an enzyme that converts sugar to alcohol and carbon dioxide.
zymogen an inactive enzyme precursor, which is converted into an enzyme when activated by another enzyme.
zymogene an inactive enzyme precursor, which is converted into an enzyme when activated by another enzyme.
zymogenic causing fermentation.
zymologic relating to zymology, the science of fermentation.
zymology the science of fermentation.
zymolysis the action of enzymes.
zymolytic relating to zymolysis, the action of enzymes.