Now updated for CSW19. New words, if any, and new inflections of existing words, are shown in red.
| abuna | an Ethiopian PATRIARCH. |
| adelantado | a governor of a province; a commander > ADELANTADOS. |
| aga agha | a Turkish commander. |
| alcade alcaide alcalde alcayde | the governor of a fortress. |
| altesse alteza altezza | highness. |
| ameer amir emir emeer | an Eastern ruler. |
| the office of AMEER, an Eastern ruler. | |
| amir | see AMEER. |
| amirate | see AMEERATE. |
| antiking | a usurping king. |
| archducal | of or pertaining to an ARCHDUKE or archduchy. |
| archduke | a prince of the imperial family of Austria > ARCHDUKES. |
| ardri ardrigh | a title given to the High King of Ireland. |
| atabeg atabek | a Turkish ruler or high official. [Turkish ata, father, + beg, prince]. |
| ataman hetman | a chief of the Cossacks. |
| autarch | an absolute ruler. |
| bashaw | a title formerly given to a Turkish governor or high-ranking military official. |
| bashawism | the state of being a BASHAW. |
| bashawship | the office of BASHAW. |
| beglerbeg | the governor of a province of the Ottoman empire, next in dignity to the grand VIZIER. |
| bey | a Turkish governor. |
| burgrave | the commander of a German town or castle. |
| caboceer | a W. African headman. |
| cacique cazique | a West Indian or American Indian chief. |
| caid kaid qaid | a North African chief. |
| a Turkish governor. | |
| an Eastern ruler. [Arabic khalifah, successor]. | |
| califate caliphate khalifate khilafat khalifat | the office of CALIF. |
| caliph | see CALIF. |
| caliphal | relating to a CALIPH. |
| caliphate | see CALIFATE. |
| capitano | a head-man > CAPITANI or CAPITANOS. |
| capo | the head of a branch of the Mafia > CAPOS or CAPI. |
| castellan | the governor of castle or fortification. |
| catapan | the governor of Calabria and Apulia for the Byzantine emperor. [Gk. katepano ton axiomaton, one placed over the dignities]. |
| caudillo | in Spanish-speaking countries, a military or political leader > CAUDILLOS. |
| cazique | see CACIQUE. |
| the eldest son of a tsar, heir to the tsardom. | |
| cesarevna tsesarevna | the wife of a tsar's eldest son. |
| cesarewich | see CESAREVICH. |
| cesarewitch | see CESAREVICH. |
| chagan | an early form of KHAN. |
| cham | a prince or chief; a governor. |
| chatelain | the governor of castle or fortification. |
| chatelaine | a female CHATELAIN. |
| cheverye chiefery chiefry | an Irish chieftaincy. |
| chief | a leader; (adj.) main, principal > CHIEFER, CHIEFEST; CHIEFLY. |
| chiefdom | the office of chief. |
| chiefery | see CHEVERYE. |
| chiefess | a female chief. |
| chiefling | a minor chief. |
| chiefry | see CHEVERYE. |
| chiefship | the office of chief. |
| chieftain | the head of a clan; a leader or commander. |
| chieftainess | a female CHIEFTAIN. |
| chieftainry | the office of CHIEFTAIN. |
| chieftainship | the rank of CHIEFTAIN. |
| chiliarch | the commander or chief of a thousand men. |
| cid | a chief, captain or hero. |
| coarb comarb | the head of a family in an Irish sept; an ecclesiastical successor. |
| coleader | one who leads together with someone else. |
| comarb | see COARB. |
| consul | either of two annually elected magistrates who jointly exercised supreme authority in the Roman Republic. |
| coprince | one of two princes ruling jointly. |
| coruler | a joint ruler. |
| cosmocrat | a ruler of the world. |
| czar ksar tsar tzar | a Russian ruler, emperor. |
| czardom tsardom tzardom | the office of CZAR. |
| czarevich tsarevich | the wife of a CZAR. |
| czarevna tzarevna | the daughter of a czar. |
| the empress of Russia. | |
| czarism | the office of CZAR. |
| czaritsa | see CZARINA. |
| czaritza | see CZARINA. |
| dato datto | a landowner or chief in northern Borneo, the Philippines, and some adjacent areas > DATOS, DATTOS. [Malay datok, elder]. |
| dauphin | the title of the eldest son of the king of France, and heir to the crown. |
| dauphine dauphiness | the title of the wife of the dauphin. |
| delphin | relating to the Dauphin of France, or to an edition of the classics prepared for his use. |
| despot | a ruler with absolute power and authority; a person exercising power tyrannically. |
| dey | formerly, the PASHA of Algiers. |
| diadochi | the generals who became monarchs of the various kingdoms into which the empire was split after the death of Alexander the Great. |
| dictator | one that dictates, exercises absolute rule. |
| dictatress | a female DICTATOR. |
| dictature | the office of a dictator. |
| dominator | a ruler or ruling power. |
| duce | a leader > DUCI or DUCES. |
| dux | a leader > DUCES or DUXES. |
| dynast | a hereditary ruler. |
| dynastic | relating to a dynasty. |
| dynasty | a succession of rulers from the same line of descent. |
| ecclesiarch | (arch.) a ruler of the church. |
| emeer | see AMEER. |
| emeerate | see AMEERATE. |
| emir | see AMEER. |
| emirate | see AMEERATE. |
| emperise emperize | to play the emperor. |
| emperor | the ruler of an empire. |
| empress | the wife of an emperor. |
| eparch | in ancient Greece, the governor or prefect of a province; in modern Greece, the ruler of an EPARCHY. |
| ethnarch | the governor of a province or people. |
| foreking | a preceding king. |
| fuehrer fuhrer | (Germ.) a leader. |
| gauleiter | a chief official of a district under the Nazi regime; an overbearing wielder of petty authority. |
| gerent | one that rules or manages. |
| gospodar hospodar | a prince or governor, especially of Moldavia or Wallachia. |
| gouvernante governante | a female governor or ruler. |
| governor | one that governs. |
| governorship | the office of governor. |
| gubernator | a powerful man in government. |
| gubernatorial | belonging to a governor (esp. the Governor of an American state) or the office of governor. |
| harmost | a Spartan governor of a subject city or province. |
| harmosty | the office of HARMOST, a Spartan governor of a subject city or province. |
| headman | a chief, a leader (in primitive societies). |
| hegemon | a person in authority. |
| heptarch | a member of a HEPTARCHY, government by seven persons. |
| hetman | a Cossack headman or general > HETMANS or HETMEN. [Polish, prob. f. G Hauptmann (earlier Heubtman) headman, captain.] |
| hetmanate | the office of HETMAN, the head or general of the Cossacks. |
| hetmanship | the office of a HETMAN. |
| hierarch | a person who has authority in sacred matters; an ecclesiastical ruler or potentate; a chief priest. |
| hospodar | see GOSPODAR. |
| imperator | a commander; an emperor. |
| imperial | commanding > IMPERIALLY; (noun) an emperor or member of an imperial family > IMPERIALS. |
| induna | a tribal councillor or leader, esp. of an impi. [Zulu 'the captain']. |
| inkhosi inkosi | a traditional leader of a Zulu clan > INKHOSIS, INKOSIS, AMAKOSI or AMAKHOSI. |
| interrex | one who rules during an interregnum; a regent > INTERREGES. |
| jarl | a chief; an earl; in English history, one of the leaders in the Danish and Norse invasions. |
| jarldom | the office of JARL. |
| jefe | (Spanish) a chief. |
| kabaka | a Ugandan emperor. |
| kaid | see CAID. |
| kaimakam | see CAIMAC. |
| kaiser | an emperor. |
| kaiserdom | the office of KAISER. |
| kaiserin | the wife of a kaiser. |
| kaisership | the office of KAISER. |
| kalif | see CALIF. |
| kalifate | the office of KALIF. |
| kaliph | see CALIF. |
| kaliphate | see CALIFATE. |
| keasar kesar | a KAISER, an emperor. |
| khalif | see CALIF. |
| khalifa khalifah | a CALIPH, a Senussi leader, the Mahdi's successor. |
| khalifat | see CALIFATE. |
| khalifate | see CALIFATE. |
| khan | (Turkish) a prince or chief; a governor. |
| khanate | the dominion or jurisdiction of a KHAN. |
| khediva | the title of the Viceroy of Egypt's wife. |
| khedival khedivial | relating to a KHEDIVE, the title of the Viceroy of Egypt. Also KHEDIVIAL. |
| khedivatekhediviate | the office of KHEDIVE, the Viceroy of Egypt. |
| khedive | the title of the Viceroy of Egypt. |
| khedivial | see KHEDIVAL. |
| khediviate | see KHEDIVATE. |
| khilafat | see CALIFATE. |
| king | a male hereditary chief ruler; (verb) to make king; to provide with a king > KINGS, KINGING, KINGED. |
| kinghood | the state of being a king; kingship. |
| kingless | without a king. |
| kinglihood | king-liness. |
| kinglike | resembling a king. |
| kingling | a little king, a kinglet (a weak or petty king). |
| kingly | like a king > KINGLIER, KINGLIEST. |
| kingship | the power or position of a king. |
| ksar | see CZAR. |
| leaderene | a female leader, esp. a dominant one. |
| lord | a master, a feudal superior > LORDLY; (verb) to act as a lord > LORDS, LORDING, LORDED. |
| lording lordling | a petty lord. |
| lordkin | a little lord. |
| lordlike | like a lord. |
| lordling | see LORDING. |
| lordly | having the manner of a LORD > LORDLIER, LORDLIEST. |
| lordship | the power of a lord. |
| lucumo | an Etruscan priest or prince > LUCUMOS or LUCUMONES. |
| maharaja maharajah | a king or prince in India ranking above a RAJAH, especially the sovereign of one of the former native states. |
| maharanee maharani | the wife of a MAHARAJAH. |
| mameluke mamluk | one of former Turkish slaves that held the Egyptian throne from 1250 to 1517. |
| mikado | the popular designation of the hereditary sovereign of Japan > MIKADOS. |
| mir | a Muslim ruler > MIRS; a Russian farming community > MIRS or MIRI. |
| mocuddum mokaddam muqaddam | (Arabic) a leader, headman. |
| monarch | an absolute ruler. |
| monarchal | pertaining to a MONARCH, ruling alone > MONARCHALLY. |
| monarchic | pertaining to a MONARCH, ruling alone. |
| monarchise monarchize | to play the sovereign; to act the monarch. |
| mpret | a former title of the ruler of Albania. [L. imperator, emperor]. |
| mudir | a local governor. |
| mudiria mudirieh | the province or office of a MUDIR, a local governor. |
| muqaddam | see MOCUDDUM. |
| mutessarif | the head of a Turkish SANJAK, a district or a subvision of a VILAYET. |
| mutessarifat | the office of a MUTESSARIF. |
| nabob | a provincial governor of the Mogul empire in India; a person of great wealth or prominence. |
| nabobery | being like a NABOB. |
| nabobess | a female NABOB. |
| nabobish | like a NABOB. |
| nawab | a governor of India under the British. |
| nizam | the title of the native sovereigns of Hyderabad, in India, since 1719. |
| nizamate | the office of a NIZAM. |
| oba | in West Africa, a chief or ruler. |
| ochlocrat | a mob ruler. |
| omniarch | an almighty ruler. |
| omrah | (Arabic) a Muslim lord. |
| overking | a king who has sovereignty over inferior kings or ruling princes. |
| overlord | a lord over other lords; (verb) to rule as an overlord. |
| pacha pasha | an honorary title given to officers of high rank in Turkey, as to governers of provinces, military commanders, etc. |
| pachadom pashadom | the office of PACHA. |
| padishah padshah | a chief ruler; monarch; sovereign. [Persian pad, master, + shah, king]. |
| palatine | a high officer having royal authority over a region. [After Palatine, the name of the centermost of the seven hills on which ancient Rome was built. Roman emperors built their palaces on this hill]. |
| palsgrave | a count palatine. |
| panjandrum | a potentate, a powerful ruler > PANJANDRA or PANJANDRUMS. |
| panjandarum | A PANJANDRUN > PANJANDARUMS. |
| paramount | supreme > PARAMOUNTLY; (noun) an overlord; a supreme ruler or proprietor > PARAMOUNTS. |
| pasha | see PACHA. |
| pashadom | see PACHADOM. |
| patriarch | a man who is the head of a family. |
| peishwa peishwah peshwa | the chief minister of the Mahrattas. |
| pendragon | (a title for) an ancient British or Welsh prince holding or claiming supreme power, a chief leader or ruler. [Welsh = chief leader in war, f. pen head, chief + dragon dragon, f. L dracon- dragon, the standard of a cohort]. |
| pentarch | a member of a pentarchy, government by five people. |
| peshwa | see PEISHWA. |
| pharaoh | a title of an ancient Egyptian ruler; a tyrant. |
| pharaonic | of or pertaining to the Pharaohs, or kings of ancient Egypt. |
| pheazar | perhaps for VIZIER. |
| phylarch | the chief of a PHYLE, or tribe. |
| porphyrogenite | a Byzantine emperor's son, born in the purple. |
| potentate | a powerful ruler; a monarch. |
| praefect | a prefect. |
| praeses preses | a president or chairman. |
| premier | a prime minister; (verb) to present a play for the first time. |
| president | the head of a state, board, council etc. |
| presidentess | a female PRESIDENT. |
| prez | president > PREZES. |
| prince | the son of a king; (verb) to play the prince > PRINCES, PRINCING, PRINCED. |
| princehood | the state of being a PRINCE. |
| princekin princelet princleing | a petty prince, a young prince. |
| princeliness | the state of being PRINCELY. |
| princely | like a prince > PRINCELIER, PRINCELIEST. |
| princess | a non-reigning female member of a royal family > PRINCESSLY. |
| principate | principality; supreme rule. |
| principe | a prince > PRINCIPI. |
| proconsul | an officer who discharged the duties of a consul without being himself consul; a governor of, or a military commander in, a province. |
| proconsular | relating to a PROCONSUL. |
| qaid | see CAID. |
| qaimaqam | see CAIMAC. |
| quaestor questor | an ancient Roman public treasurer or assistant military commander. |
| queen | a female monarch; (verb) to make a queen of. |
| queencraft | craft or skill in policy on the part of a queen. |
| queendom | the dominion of a queen. |
| queenhood | the state, personality, or character of a queen. |
| queenless | having no queen. |
| queenlet | a small queen. |
| queenlike | . |
| queenly | like a queen > QUEENLIER, QUEENLIEST. |
| queenship | the state, rank, or dignity of a queen. |
| quisling | a puppet leader supported by foreign power. [From Vidkun Quisling, a Norwegian]. |
| quislingism | being a QUISLING. |
| raja rajah | an Indian ruler. |
| rajahship rajaship | the territory, rank, or title of a RAJA. |
| rajpramukh | the head of a state or states union in the Democratic Republic of India. |
| rana | a Rajput prince. |
| ranee rani | an Indian queen. |
| rangatira | (Maori) a leader or chief. |
| rani | see RANEE. |
| ras | an Ethiopian prince > RASES. |
| ratoo ratu | a local chief or ruler in Indonesia or Fiji. |
| regent | one who rules for a limited period, on behalf of a king or queen who is a minor, absent, or ill. |
| regental | relating to a REGENT, a person invested with royal authority by or on behalf of another. |
| regentship | the office of a regent. |
| regina | a queen > REGINAS or REGINAE. |
| reginal | of or relating to a queen. |
| regnancy | the condition or quality of being regnant; rule. |
| regnant | reigning, used postpositively > as, a queen regnant. |
| royalet | a petty or powerless king. |
| royalty | the status or power of a monarch. |
| rulership | being a ruler. |
| sachem | an Indian chief; a Tammany leader. [Algonquin]. |
| sachemic | relating to a SACHEM, an Indian chief; a Tammany leader. |
| sachemship | the office or condition of a SACHEM. |
| sagamore | a N. American Indian chief. |
| sardar sirdar | a native chief in Hindostan; a headman. |
| sarpanch | an elected head of a village council in India > SARPANCHES. [Hindi sar, head + panca, five]. |
| satrap | a governor of a province in ancient Persia; a subordinate ruler or official. [Gk. satrapes]. |
| satrapal | of or pertaining to a SATRAP, or a SATRAPY. |
| serkali | (in Africa) the Government; white rulers > SERKALIS. |
| shah | (a title of) the monarch of Iran (Persia). |
| shahdom | the domain of a SHAH. |
| shaikh sheik sheikh shaykh | an Arab chief. |
| sheikdom sheikhdom | the domain of a sheik. |
| sheikha | the chief wife or consort of a sheikh. |
| shogun | a hereditary military governor of Japan. |
| shogunal | relating to a SHOGUN, a hereditary military governor of Japan. |
| shogunate | the office or dignity of a SHOGUN, a hereditary military governor of Japan. |
| sirdar | see SARDAR. |
| soldan soudan suldan souldan sultan | the monarch or chief ruler of a Muslim country, esp. that of Turkey. |
| sophy | a ruler of Persia. |
| soudan | see SOLDAN. |
| souldan | see SOLDAN. |
| sovereign | a supreme ruler or head, a monarch. |
| sovereignty | the office of sovereign. |
| sovran | sovereign > SOVRANLY. |
| sovranty | sovereignty. |
| stadholder stadtholder | a Dutch viceroy or provincial governor. |
| starosta | a village headman; a Polish noble holding a STAROSTY or domain bestowed by the crown. |
| subchief | one below a chief. |
| suffete | one of the chief administrative officials of ancient Carthage. [L. sufes, -etis, from a Punic word]. |
| suldan | see SOLDAN. |
| sultan | see SOLDAN. |
| sultana | a female SULTAN. |
| sultanate | the rule or dominion of a sultan; sultanship. |
| sultaness | a SULTANA. |
| sultanic | pertaining to a sultan. |
| sultanship | the office or dignity of a sultan. |
| supremo | a supreme head, a leader with unlimited powers > SUPREMOS. |
| suzerain | an OVERLORD. |
| tanaiste | the deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Ireland. |
| taoiseach toisech toshach | orig. a Celtic nobleman; now, the Prime Minister of Ireland. |
| tenno | the formal title of an Emperor of Japan > TENNOS. |
| tetrarch | a Roman governor of the fourth part of a province; hence, any subordinate or dependent prince; also, a petty king or sovereign. |
| thearchic | divinely sovereign or supreme. |
| theocrat | a divine or deified ruler. |
| tithingman | the chief man of a tithing; one elected to preside over the tithing > TITHINGMEN. |
| toiseach | see TAOISEACH. |
| toisech | see TAOISEACH. |
| toparch | a ruler of a district. [Gk. topos, place, + archein, to rule]. |
| toshach | see TAOISEACH. |
| triarch | a TRIUMVIR, a member of a TRIUMVIRATE, a ruling body of three men. |
| trierarchal | relating to a TRIERARCH. |
| triumvir | a member of a TRIUMVIRATE, a ruling body of three men > TRIUMVIRI or TRIUMVIRS. |
| triumvirate | a body of triumvirs. |
| triumviry | a triumvirate. |
| tsar | see CZAR. |
| tsardom | see CZARDOM. |
| tsarevich | see CZAREVICH |
| tsarevitch | see CESAREVICH. |
| tsarevna | see CZAREVNA. |
| tsarina | see CZARINA. |
| tsaritsa | see CZARINA. |
| tsaritza | see CZARINA. |
| tsesarevich | see CESAREVICH. |
| tsesarevitch | see CESAREVICH. |
| tsesarevna | see CESAREVNA. |
| tsesarewich | see CESAREVICH. |
| tsesarewitch | see CESAREVICH. |
| tuchun | a Chinese military governor. |
| tycoon | the title by which the Shoguns of Japan were known to foreigners; a business magnate. |
| tycoonate | the SHOGUNATE, the office or dignity of a SHOGUN, a hereditary military governor of Japan. |
| tycoonery | the state of being a TYCOON. |
| tyran | a tyrant; (verb) to tyrannize > TYRANS, TYRANED, TYRANING. |
| tyranne | a tyrant; (verb) to tyrannize > TYRANNES, TYRANNING, TYRANNED. |
| tyranness | a female tyrant. |
| tyrannic tyrannical | like a tyrant. Also TYRANNIC. |
| tyrannicalness | the state of being TYRANNICAL. |
| tyrannise tyrannize | to act like a tyrant towards. |
| tyranny | the rule of a TYRANT. |
| tyrant | (hist.) an absolute ruler. |
| tzar | see CZAR. |
| tzardom | see CZRDOM. |
| tzarevna | see CZAREVNA. |
| tzarina | see CZARINA. |
| tzaritza | see CZARINA. |
| underking | a sub-king. |
| unking | to make not a king. N.B. there is no verb UNK*! |
| unlord | to deprive of the rank or position of a lord. |
| unqueen | to divest of the rank or authority of queen. |
| unprincely | not princely > UNPRINCELIER, UNPRINCELIEST. |
| unqueenly | not queenly > UNQUEENLIER, UNQUEENLIEST. |
| vaivode voivode waivode waiwode waywode woiwode | originally, the title of a military commander in various Slavonic countries; afterwards applied to governors of towns or provinces |
| vaivodeship | the office of VAIVODE. |
| vali wali | a governor, esp. of a VILAYET. |
| veep veepee | a vice-president. |
| a minister in various Muslim states. | |
| vicegeral | relating to a VICEROY. |
| vicegerent | acting in place of another; having delegated authority. |
| viceregal | of a viceroy, of a governor-general > VICEREGALLY. |
| viceregent | a substitute for a REGENT. |
| vicereine | the wife of a viceroy. |
| viceroy | a ruler of a colony, province, etc., exercising authority on behalf of a sovereign. |
| viceroyalty viceroyship | the office of a VICEROY. |
| visier | see VEZIR. |
| vizier | see VEZIR. |
| vizierate vizirate | the office, dignity, or authority of a VIZIER. |
| vizierial vizirial | of, pertaining to, or issued by, a VIZIER. |
| vizir | see VEZIR. |
| vizirate | see VIZIERATE. |
| vizirial | see VIZIERIAL. |
| vizirship | the office of VIZIR. |
| voivode | see VAIVODE. |
| voivodeship | the office of VOIVODE. |
| vozhd | a supreme leader in Russia. |
| waivode | see VAIVODE. |
| waiwode | see VAIVODE. |
| wali | see VALI. |
| warlord | a military leader. |
| waywode | see VAIVODE. |
| wazir | see VEZIR. |
| wizier | see VEZIR. |
| woiwode | see VAIVODE. |