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Science & Tech > Chemistry > Acids


Now updated for CSW19. New words, if any, and new inflections of existing words, are shown in red.


abscisic as in abscisic acid.
acetic as in acetic acid, a diluted form of which is vinegar.
acyl denoting the carboxylic acid RCO- > ACYLS.
adenylic as in adenylic acid, a type of nucleotide.
adipic of fat, only in adipic acid.
aldehydic of or pertaining to ALDEHYDE; as, aldehydic acid.
alginic as in alginic acid, an acid obtained from certain seaweeds.
aminoacetic as in aminoacetic acid, another name for glycine..
anisic of or derived from ANISE; as, anisic acid.
anthranilic as in anthranilic acid, an aromatic acid.
aquafortis concentrated nitric acid, used for etching > AQUAFORTISES.
arachidonic as in arachidonic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid occurring in animal cells.
ascorbic antiscorbutic, as in ascorbic acid, vitamin C.
azotous nitrous; as in azotous acid.
barbituric applied to an acid got from malonic acid and urea, a source of important sedatives.
benzoic as in benzoic acid, an acid found in benzoin and other gums.
boracic of or relating to borax or boron, as in boracic acid; (coll.) skint.
boric as in boric acid, an acid obtained from borax.
bromic as in bromic acid, an acid obtained from bromine.
butanoic butyric as in butanoic or butyric acid, an acid found in butter.
capric applied to a type of fatty acid, found in butter and having a goatlike smell.
caproic applied to a second type of fatty acid, found in butter and having a goatlike smell.
caprylic applied to a third type of fatty acid, found in butter and having a goatlike smell.
capsicum applied to a third type of fatty acid, found in butter and having a goatlike smell.
carbamic pertaining to an acid so called.
carbolic phenol > CARBOLICS. [L. carbo, coal + oleum, oil].
caseic as in caseic acid, an acid found in cheese.
catechin one of the tannic acids, extracted from CATECHU as a white, crystalline substance.
cerotic as in cerotic acid, an acid found in beeswax and certain fats.
cevitamic as in cevitamic acid, another name for ascorbic acid.
chloric as in chloric acid, an acid derived from chlorine.
cholic relating to bile, as in cholic acid, an acid found in bile.
citric as in citric acid, an acid derived from citrus fruits.
cresylic as in cresylic acid, an acid found in CRESOL, a compound found in tar and creosote.
crotonic as in crotonic acid, a colourless acid.
cyanic of or belonging to cyanogen, as in cyanic acid, an acid composed of cyanogen, oxygen and hydrogen.
cyanuric as in cyanuric acid.
cyclamic as in cyclamic acid.
cytidylic as in cytidylic acid, a nucleotide that is found in DNA.
decanoic as in decanoic acid.
dioxonitric as in dioxonitric acid, the systematic name of nitrous acid.
dithionic as in dithionic acid.
dithionous as in dithionous acid.
dodecanoic as in dodecanoic acid, a crystalline fatty acid occurring as glycerides in natural fats and oils (especially coconut oil and palm-kernel oil).
domoic as in domoic acid, a poisonous amino acid found in marine algae.
ellagic pertaining to, or derived from, gallnuts or gallic acid; as, ELLAGIC acid.
ergotic pertaining to, or derived from, ERGOT; as, ergotic acid.
erucic as in erucic acid, a crystalline fatty acid.
etchant an acid or corrosive used in etching.
ethanoic denoting a type of acid, aka acetic acid.
ferric of iron; containing iron in its trivalent form, as in ferric acid, a hypothetical acid.
folacin folic acid.
folic as in folic acid, an acid in the vitamin B complex.
formic as in formic acid, an acid found in ants.
fumaric as in fumaric acid, an acid which occurs in fumitory and other plants.
fusidic as in fusidic acid.
gallic as in gallic acid, a crystalline substance present in gallnuts, tea, and various plants.
gluconic as in gluconic acid.
glucuronic as in glucuronic acid.
glycolic pertaining to, or derived from, GLYCOL; as in glycolic acid.
guanylic as in guanylic acid.
hexanoic as in hexanoic acid, an insoluble oily carboxylic acid.
hippuric as in hippuric acid, an acid obtained from the urine of horses.
humic as in humic acid, an acid pertaining to, or derived from, vegetable mould.
hyaluronic as in hyaluronic acid, a viscous polysaccharide with important lubricating properties, present, for example, in the synovial fluid in joints.
hydracid an oxygen-less acid.
hydrazoic as in hydrazoic acid, a colourless highly explosive liquid.
hydriodic pertaining to, or derived from, hydrogen and iodine, esp. of hydriodic acid.
hydrochloric applied to an acid composed of hydrogen and chlorine, hydrogen chloride, still sometimes called MURIATIC acid.
hydrocyanic as in hydrocyanic acid, a deadly posion, aka PRUSSIC acid.
hydrofluoric as in hydrofluoric acid, a strong acid used for etching glass.
hyperacid excessively acid.
hypoacid having a lower than normal degree of acidity.
iodic pertaining to iodine, as applied to an acid.
iopanoic as in iopanoic acid, a compound containing iodine, opaque to X-rays and used in X-ray examination of the gall bladder.
isocyanic as in isocyanic acid, a hypothetical acid known only in the form of its compounds.
itaconic as in itaconic acid, a white crystalline carboxylic acid.
ketonic pertaining to, or derived from, a KETONE; as, a ketonic acid.
lactic as in lactic acid, that accumulates during exercise causing fatigue.
lauric as in lauric acid, aka DODECANOIC acid.
linoleic as in linoleic acid, a colourless oily essential fatty acid found in linseed.
linolenic as in linolenic acid, a colourless unsaturated fatty acid.
lipoic as in lipoic acid, a sulphur-containing fatty acid.
lysergic as in lysergic acid, a compound used in medicine.
maleic as in maleic acid, an acid of the ethylene series.
malic as in malic acid, an acid obtained from apple juice.
malonic as in malonic acid.
manganic of manganese of higher valency, as in manganic acid.
meconic as in meconcic acid, an acid obtained from poppies.
metavanadic as in metavanadic acid, an acid of vanadium.
monacid monoacid a compound having one hydrogen atom replaceable by a negative or acid atom or radical.
monacidic designating a compound having one hydrogen atom replaceable by a negative or acid atom or radical.
mucic as in mucic acid, a colourless crystalline solid carboxylic acid.
muriatic as in muriatic acid, an old name for hydrochloric acid.
myristic as in myristic acid, a fatty acid derived from nutmegs.
nalidixic as in nalidixic acid, a synthetic compound used to treat infections of the urinary tract.
naphthalic as in naphthalic acid, an acid derived from naphthalene.
neuraminic as in neuraminic acid, a carboxylic acid which is an amino sugar.
nitric containing nitrogen, as in nitric acid, a strong mineral acid.
nitrolic pertaining to a class of acids.
nitrous as in nitrous acid.
nonacid a substance destitute of acid properties > NONACIDS.
nonacidic not acidic.
nonanoic as in nonanoic acid, a colourless fatty acid.
nucleic as in nucleic acid, important in genetics.
oleum fuming sulphuric acid > OLEUMS or OLEA.
orsellic pertaining to, or designating, ORSEILLE, as in orsellic acid, an acid found in certain lichens.
orthoboric as in orthoboric acid, a white or colorless slightly acid.
osmic as in osmic acid, a supposed acid, a compound of osmium.
oxalic as in oxalic acid, an acid obtained from wood sorrel and other plants, used for cleaning metals and as a bleaching agent.
oxyacid an acid containing oxygen.
palmitic as in palmitic acid, a saturated fatty acid.
pelargonic as in pelargonic acid, an oily fatty acid obtained esp from the leaves of plants of the Pelargonium genus (aka NONANOIC acid).
pentanoic as in pentanoic acid.
perboric as in perboric acid.
perchloric pertaining to, or designating, the highest oxygen acid (HClO4), of chlorine; aka HYPERCHLORIC.
permanganic applied to an acid and its anhydride containing more oxygen than manganic acid and anhydride.
phosphatic containing phosphates; as in phosphatic acid.
phosphonic as in phosphonic acid, the same as phosphorous acid.
phosphoric phosphorous of, relating to, or containing phosphorus, as in phosphoric or phosphorous acid, a weak acid used in soft drinks.
phthalic pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic acid obtained by the oxidation of naphthalene and allied substances.
picric pertaining to, or designating, a strong organic acid (called picric acid), intensely bitter.
piperic as in piperic acid, an acid obtained from piperine, an alkaloid found in black pepper.
polyacid a compound with more than one acidic group; esp. an acid containing polymeric anions > POLYACIDS.
propanoic as in propanoic acid, a colourless carboxylic acid.
propenoic as in propenoic acid, a colourless carboxylic acid.
propionic as in propinoic acid, a former name of propanoic acid.
prussic as in prussic acid, another name for hydrocyanic acid, a deadly poison.
pyroboric as in pyroboric acid.
pseudoacid a compound which is not an acid but which is isomeric with and transformable into an acid.
pteroic as in pteroic acid, the original folic acid found in spinach.
pyruvic as in pyruvic acid, an organic acid, an intermediate in the metabolism of proteins and carbohydrates.
quinic as in quinic acid, an acid derived from cinchona bark.
racemic as in racemic acid, an acid obtained from a certain kind of grape.
retinoic as in retinoic acid, , a derivative of vitamin A that is important in morphogenesis and embryo development.
rhodanic pertaining to, or designating, an acid which forms a red color with ferric salts.
ricinoleic relating to castor oil, as in ricinoleic, an oily acid obtained from castor oil.
salicylic as in salicylic acid, a bitter-tasting derivative of phenol that is used in making aspirin and dyes and as a fungicide.
santalic as in santalic acid, an acid obtained from sandalwood as a resinous or red crystalline dyestuff, aka SANTALIN.
santalin santalic acid.
sassolin sassolite a native boric acid.
sebacic of or like SEBUM, as in sebacic acid.
selenic as in selenic acid, an acid containing selenium in higher valency.
selenious selenous as in selenious or selenous acid, an acid containing selenium in lowers valency.
silicic relating to or obtained from silica; as, silicic acid.
sorbic as in sorbic acid, an acid obtained from the rowanberry, used in food preservation.
stannic as in stannic acid, an acid containing tin its its quadrivalent state..
suberic as in suberic acid, an acid obtained by the action of nitric acid on cork.
succinic as in succinic acid, an acidd derived from amber.
sulphonic as in sulphonic acid, a strong organic acid.
sulphuric as in sulphuric acid, an acid derived from sulphur.
stannic as in stannic acid, an acid containing tin its its quadrivalent state.
tantalic of or containing tantalum, esp. in a higher valency, as in tantalic acid.
tartaric as in tartaric acid, an acid derived from TARTAR.
terebic as in terebic acid, an acid obtained from TEREBENE.
tetracid a substance capable of neutralizing four molecules of a monobasic acid.
thionic containing or derived from sulphur, as in thionic acid.
thiosulfuric as in thiosulfuric acid, an unstable acid known only in solutions and in the form of its salts.
tiglic as in tiglic acid, a colourless unsaturated carboxylic acid.
toluic of or containing toluene, as in toluic acid.
trithionic designating a certain thionic acid.
uric as in uric acid, an acid found in urine.
valeric as in valeric acid, a fatty acid.
valproic as in valproic acid, a synthetic crystalline compound.
vitriol to treat with sulfuric acid > VITRIOLS, VITRIOLING or VITRIOLLING, VITRIOLED or VITRIOLLED.
xenic relating to XENON, as in xenic acid.
xylic relating to xylem; designating any of six acids, derivatives of XYLENE.
xylonic designating an acid obtained by oxidising XYLOSE.